abstract：:In 15 coin-operated dry cleaning establishments (CODC), in one building where a CODC had been run and in a private car transporting a dry-cleaned down jacket tetrachloroethene (TCE) indoor concentrations were investigated by air sampling with activated carbon tubes, elution of the carbon with toluene, and subsequent g...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Gulyas H,Hemmerling L

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in combination with coal, asbestos, or metal particles was studied for its inhibitory effects on interferon-alpha/beta induction by influenza virus in rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cell monolayers. B[a]P per se had no adverse effect on the induction process. However, when cell cultures were pre...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Hahon N,Booth JA,Flowers L

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated rabbit alveolar macrophages were incubated with airborne dusts from four West German sites (1 to 200 micrograms/10(6) cells) and waste incinerator fly ash fractions (50 to 500 micrograms/10(6) cells). Quartz dust DQ 12 (5 to 200 micrograms/10(6) cells) and Fe2O3 (0.05 to 50 micrograms/10(6) cells) were used ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Gulyas H,Labedzka M,Gercken G

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this work is to assess the effect of ozone, a reactive product of environmental photochemical oxidation, on lymphocytes of the lung. We exposed male Fischer rats to ozone at a concentration of 0.5 ppm for 20 hr/day for 1-14 days. Animals were treated with radioactive thymidine and were sacrificed at Day...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Dziedzic D,Wright ES,Sargent NE

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sampled air in 49 government-owned buildings (six buildings with no asbestos-containing material, six buildings with asbestos-containing material in generally good condition, and 37 buildings with damaged asbestos-containing material). This is the most comprehensive study to da...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Chesson J,Hatfield J,Schultz B,Dutrow E,Blake J

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to solvent-based materials in the painting trades is associated with an increased cancer risk. In order to determine if the solvent exposures of current union members of the International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Tradesman (IBPAT) are associated with a genot...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Kelsey KT,Wiencke JK,Little FF,Baker EL Jr,Little JB

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorinated solvents are thought to be more nephrotoxic than nonchlorinated solvents in humans. Many workers have been exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE) because TCE is one of the most useful chlorinated solvents in some industries. Thus, to detect adverse effects of human exposure to TCE on kidneys, urinary total pro...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Nagaya T,Ishikawa N,Hata H

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Penetration of 2,4,5,2',4',5'-[14C]hexachlorobiphenyl (HCB) through skin of young (33 days) and adult (82 days) female Fischer 344 rats was determined in vivo and by two in vitro methods. In vivo dermal penetration at 120 hr was 45% in young and 43% in adults. At 72 hr in vivo dermal penetration was 35% in young and 2...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Fisher HL,Shah PV,Sumler MR,Hall LL

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven persons volunteered to perform 25 common activities thought to increase personal exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) during a 3-day monitoring period. Personal, indoor, and outdoor air samples were collected on Tenax cartridges three times per day (evening, overnight, and daytime) and analyzed by GC-MS...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Wallace LA,Pellizzari ED,Hartwell TD,Davis V,Michael LC,Whitmore RW

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of cadmium on the immune system have been extensively studied, although relatively little is known about the nature of the interaction between cadmium and lymphocytes. We describe studies that examine the uptake and subcellular distribution of cadmium in resting and mitogen-activated mouse splenic lymphocy...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Sgagias M,Balter NJ,Gray I

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty-two pesticide sprayers in cotton fields were selected for the analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes. Twenty-five samples were collected from healthy males who were not exposed to pesticides. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations in ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Rupa DS,Reddy PP,Reddi OS

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male Wistar rats were exposed to 0.2 ppm ozone (O3) for 14 days and at intervals alveolar macrophages were collected by bronchoalveolar lavage to examine the effects of O3. The specific activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione peroxidase of alveolar macrophages increased to 1.6-fold (on the 3rd ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Mochitate K,Miura T

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) on the nasal mucosa in the guinea pig was experimentally studied, with special reference to the recovery process of the organ. The results showed that 400 ppm of IPA has an acute effect on the nasal mucosa and the recovery from such degeneration can occur in 2 weeks. When functi...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Ohashi Y,Nakai Y,Koshimo H,Esaki Y,Ikeoka H,Horiguchi S,Teramoto K,Nakaseko H

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D metabolism in primates with chronic exposure to cadmium was studied in relation to Itai-Itai disease. In a series of experiments, crab-eating monkeys were fed cadmium-contaminated rice (1.33 micrograms Cd/g) or a diet containing 3 micrograms/g cadmium chloride for 6 years. These treatments had no effect on t...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Kawashima H,Nomiyama H,Nomiyama K

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hamsters were exposed to an intratracheal instillation of 0.5 ml of 0.08 N nitric, hydrochloric, or sulfuric acid to determine their airway epithelial response. Three weeks after exposure, the left intrapulmonary bronchi in Alcian blue/PAS-stained paraffin sections were evaluated for the amount of secretory product in...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Christensen TG,Lucey EC,Breuer R,Snider GL

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lacinilene C methyl ether (LCME) is a constituent of the cotton plant and has been implicated as a causative agent of byssinosis. The effect of synthetic LCME on the behavior of isolated strips of canine tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) was examined in tissue bath experiments. LCME (0.64-6.6 x 10(-4) M) caused slowly deve...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Russell JA,McCormick JP

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of intratracheal administration of fly ash, its benzene-extracted residue and the benzene extract has been studied on the activities of hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the rat. Fly ash and its fractions significantly increased the levels of cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, cytochrome b5 reductase, NADPH-...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Srivastava PK,Singh Y,Tyagi SR,Misra UK

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Athens is a city with a serious air pollution problem which has existed for more than 20 years. To evaluate whether air pollution has affected lung cancer incidence (and hence, mortality) in the population of Athens we have compared standardized lung mortality between Athens and the rest of Greece taking into account ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Trichopoulos D,Hatzakis A,Wynder E,Katsouyanni K,Kalandidi A

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enhanced carcinogenicity of particle-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has previously been explained by their prolonged retention in the lung due to the slow release of these substances from their carrier particles. However, the mathematical model presented here indicates that the lipid-aqueous he...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Gerde P,Scholander P

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined treatment of rats with lead and disulfiram is known to cause increased levels of lead in brain and potentiation of the neurotoxicity of lead. Ten dithiocarbamate and thiuram compounds, including disulfiram, were compared for their efficacies in influencing tissue distribution of a trace dose of intravenously ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Oskarsson A

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural-occurring minerals representative of six silicate classes were examined for their influence on interferon induction by influenza virus in Rhesus monkey kidney (LLC-MK2) cell monolayers. Minerals within the classes nesosilicate, sorosilicate, cyclosilicate, and inosilicate exhibited either little or marked (50%...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Hahon N,Booth JA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenicity of mixed dust from a fluorite mine was studied by animal experiments and in vitro tests. Animal experiments showed that calcium fluorite can induce only a foreign body reaction in the lungs; the fibrous nodular lesions induced by the fluorite mine dust are due mainly to its silica component. It was d...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Xu YH,Zhang SJ,Wu CQ,Zhou J,Chang HF,Yu SQ

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) were found to rapidly methylate glutathione (GSH) in vitro yielding S-methyl glutathione, as verified and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Formation of S-methylcysteine in the acid-hydrolyzate of the meth...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Trézl L,Park KS,Kim S,Paik WK

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of inhalation of coal fly ash for 6 hr daily for 15 days has been studied on the hematology, blood chemistry, and histopathology of lungs and liver of rats up to 4 months from the first day of exposure. Fly ash inhalation significantly reduced WBC, RBC, and hemoglobin contents at earlier periods after expos...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Chauhan SS,Chaudhary VK,Narayan S,Misra UK

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An attempt has been made to study the biochemical properties of lung alkaline phosphatase so that it may serve as a model for measuring the toxicity of air pollutants, especially metals. Lung was shown to be a better source of this enzyme in comparison to other organs in rats. The optimum pH, metal requirements, subst...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Gupta S,Pandey SD,Misra V,Viswanathan PN

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of chronic exposure to 2 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 8 hr a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks was assessed in normal and emphysematous hamsters by measuring (1) lung morphometry (mean linear intercept [Lm] and internal surface area [ISA]), (2) lung mechanics (lung volume, compliance and coefficient of stat...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Lafuma C,Harf A,Lange F,Bozzi L,Poncy JL,Bignon J

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of cadmium on thyroxine (T4) outer ring monodeiodination was studied in vivo and in vitro in the rat liver. One microgram of T4 was incubated with rat liver homogenates in 50 mM Tris--HCl buffer, pH 7.4, with or without 0.5, 5, and 50 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) for 60 min in the presence of 10(-8) to 10(-3) M ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Yoshida K,Sugihira N,Suzuki M,Sakurada T,Saito S,Yoshinaga K,Saito H

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The studies on the effects of phenol (P), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), pentachlorophenol (PCP) individually and in three combinations, viz., (PCP + DNP)/P (highly antagonistic), (DNP + P)/PCP (additive), and (P + DNP)/PCP (highly synergistic), at three sublethal levels (1/10, 1/15, and 1/20 of the 96-hr LC50) on the activ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Gupta S

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyzed the exogenous mineral particle concentration, size, type, and distribution for particles larger than 0.1 micron in the left lungs of 10 long-term male cigarette smokers. The mean number of particles found was 465 +/- 295 X 10(6)/g dry lung, of which 80% were kaolinite, micas, feldspars, free silica, and ta...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Churg A,Wiggs B

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-Evans rats, 4-6 weeks of age, were given access to 0, 1, 10, or 100 ppm sodium chlorite in deionized water ad libitum as drinking water. Males were exposed 56 days, and females for 14 days prior to breeding and throughout the 10-day breeding period. Males were evaluated for sperm parameters and reproductive tract...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Carlton BD,Habash DL,Basaran AH,George EL,Smith MK

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An iterative scheme of short-term bacterial mutagenesis assays and multidimensional liquid chromatographic methods was used to isolate mutagens from a neutral fraction of a complex carcinogenic tar formed as a by-product of coal gasification. Mutagens in the complementary reversed- and normal-phase liquid chromatograp...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Haugen DA,Stamoudis VC

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) were administered a single lead shot by gastric intubation. At weekly intervals over a 7-week period, the birds were weighed and blood samples obtained for measurement of hematocrit, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP), blood lead and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (delta-A...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Mautino M,Bell JU

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Penicillic acid (PA) is a polyketide mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. This mycotoxin is toxic in experimental animals and has also been reported to be carcinogenic. The cytotoxicity of penicillic acid was studied in rat alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro. The effects of penicillic ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Sorenson WG,Simpson J

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study is to reveal the nature of the physicochemical interactions between asbestos and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in an organic liquid medium, and to assist in the understanding of synergistic effects between asbestos and PAH in bronchopulmonary cancers. The adsorption curves of three ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Fournier J,Pezerat H

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At 56 days of age, male and female Long-Evans rats received 1 mumole of 203Hg-labeled methyl mercuric chloride per kilogram sc and total, organic, and inorganic mercury contents and concentrations in tissues were determined for up to 98 days postdosing. Whole body clearance of mercury was faster in females than in mal...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Thomas DJ,Fisher HL,Sumler MR,Marcus AH,Mushak P,Hall LL

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of the herbicide Agroxone 5, a commercial formulation of the iso-octyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), in the adult crested newt (Triturus cristatus carnifex) was tested after percutaneous exposure. The compound was lethal to all the animals within 72 hr at concentrations of 100, 125, and...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Pacces Zaffaroni N,Zavanella T,Cattaneo A,Arias E

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium (Cd) was determined in kidney cortex and liver of 173 autopsied Japanese. Subjects consisted of 51 persons from Cd-polluted areas ages between 61-94 years and 122 controls ages between 3-90 years. The mean Cd concentrations for the Cd-polluted group were 35.2 micrograms/g wet wt for kidney cortex and 66.7 micr...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Nogawa K,Honda R,Yamada Y,Kido T,Tsuritani I,Ishizaki M,Yamaya H

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in bronchoalveolar cells and fluids derived from rat lungs following 0, 8, 12, 18, or 24 exposures to Cd acetate aerosols. Alveolar cell metallothionein levels increased from a base line value of 0.35 micrograms MT/mg protein in control rats to a value of 2...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Hart BA,Garvey JS

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of calcium and magnesium ions on the toxicity of cadmium to the eggs of the freshwater teleost, Oryzias latipes, were determined. Blastulae were immersed in free medium (Ca- and Mg-free), low-Ca medium (0.25 mM Ca), high-Ca medium (1.0 mM Ca), low-Mg medium (0.25 mM Mg), and high-Mg medium (1.0 mM Mg) with...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Michibata H,Sahara S,Kojima MK

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seventy-two strains of Hg-resistant bacteria (Pseudomonas) were isolated on agar plates containing 40 micrograms/ml of HgCl2 from Minamata Bay sediment, which was heavily polluted with mercury (45.8 micrograms/g). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of mercurial compounds were determined for the Hg-resistant ...

journal_title：Environmental research

authors： Nakamura K,Fujisaki T,Tamashiro H

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00